^a可待因 ^bCodeine
有效成分: ^a可待因 ^bCodeine
异名: Methylmorphine, Coricept, Morphine monomethyl ether, Morphine 3-methyl ether
化学名: Morphinan-6-ol,7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-,(5α,6α)-
结构式: str-0285
分子式/分子量: ^aC↓18H↓21NO↓3; ^b299.36
临床: 未
成分分类: 生物碱类
物理性状: 一水合物, 为斜方半面棒条状结晶或平片状结晶(水或稀乙醇)。熔点154-156°(80°干燥后),d↑20↓D 1.32。[α]↑15↓D-136°(c=2,乙醇);[α]↑15↓D -112°(c=2,氯仿)。IRν↓max cm↑-1:3400,3010,2930,2800,1650,1610,1510,1460,1390,1320,1280,1250,1110,1050,980,930,820,800,760,720,680;UVλ↑H↓2O↓max nm(ε):284(1585);MSm/e (％):299(100),229(26),300(21),298(13),214(12),282(10),242(9),230(8)↑[1];NMR(CHCl↓3):3.40(1,2-H),6.16(3-OMe),5.15(5β-h,J↓6β-6.4),5.84(β,6-H),4.29(7-H,J-9.6),4,74(8-H,J-9.6),6,63(9α-H,J↓14-3.2,J↓10α-5.6),6.92(10β-H,J↓10α-18.4),7.56(N-Me);↑13CNMR(CDCl↓3)δ:119.3(c-1),112.8(c-2),142.0(c-3),146.2(c-4),91.3(c-5),66.4(c-6),133.2(c-7),128.1(c-8),58.7(c-9),20.4(c-10),127.0(c-11),130.9(c-12),43.0(c-13),40.7(c-14),35.8(c-15),46.4(c-16),43.0(NMe),56.2(3-OMe)↑[3]。
来源: ^a防己科植物^b金线吊乌龟 Stephania cepharantha Hayata ^c块根[4], ^a罂粟科植物^b罂粟 Papaver somniferum L.^c果实, ^c种子, ^c壳[5？7], ^b大红罂粟 P.bracteatum L.[8]。
作用: 具有镇痛作用, 弱于吗啡, 但远比解热镇痛药强。不产生睡眠,欣快症与成瘾 性较低, 便秘与抑制呼吸的作用亦较吗啡轻。用于不适于或禁用吗啡的场合, 亦可与解热镇痛药并用而增加其镇痛作用。有强大的镇咳作用, 最常用作镇咳药↑[9]。
参考文献: 1. Atlas of Spectral Data Physical Costants for Organic Comounds 2ed. Vol.Ⅲ:74,1975; 2. Chem.Pharm.Bull.12(1):104,1964; 3.Tetrahedron Lett.33:2853,1975; 4. C. A. 47:5011c,1953; 5. 同上 55:18879,1961; 6. 同上 72:136332d,1970; 7. 同上 78:53889p,1973; 85:189238c,43683x,1976; 83:75407k,1975; 8. 同上 84:176750t,1976; 9. 张昌绍: 药理学69,1965; C. A. 95:175820f,1981
用途分类: 镇痛